Frostic Incorporated Sells Bulk Raw Beeswax, and Manufactures Portable Dry Ice Makers, High Temperature Refractory Mix, Casting Sand Mix, High Pressure Propane Burner Assemblies, Hardwood Fuel Bricks and other speciality products.
Custom Software Development
Single Orifice BTU Calculator ~ $12.50
Once we receive payment we will email your username,
password and download url within 1 business day.
For Immediate download, please purchase from our ebay store below...
Single Orifice BTU Calculator
Allows you to quickly estimate the BTU Capacity of
any
Single Orifice Gas Burner given the size and type of orifice,
and the Gasous Fuel vs Pressure.
Calculating the BTU output of a torch, or single hole orifice.
BTU output is the number of cubic feet of gas coming through an orifice, times the number of BTU's per cubic foot over time.
Cubic feet of gas through the orifice is:
Pressure differential, Hole size (area),
Hole coefficient (how a thin stream flows through a hole. This will be different for a hole under a minimum size or over a maximum size, specific gravity (and maybe viscosity of the gas).
We are calculating the cubic feet (moles, since a mole of any gas occupies the same volume under standard pressure and temperature. ) of gas that comes through a hole at each PSI (atmosphere being 0 for the differential).
We are assuming that we get enough air (20% oxygen, Nitrogen mix) to fully combust the fuel.
Starting with the diameter we need the area of the hole in inches.
Once we have the diameter we can calculate, given the pressure for the density of the gas how much goes through in a given timespan.
How much air do we need?
The combustion reaction always has these these components:fuel molecules + O2 --> CO2 + H2O.
Amazingly this works for both gas and liquid fuels!!!!(in Moles).
A Mole is a Mole.
Knowing that a mole of any gas at standard pressure and temperature occupies the same amount of space tells us that we can use the calculated mole number of oxygen for each fuel to determine how many cubic feet of oxygen we need for combustion.
For example: One mole of Methane needs two moles of Oxygen
for complete combustion (see the chart).
So one Cubic Foot of Methane needs two cubic feet of oxygen.
One Cubic foot of Propane needs Five Cubic feet of oxygen.
The only Wrinkle here is that Hydrogen, for example is 2 molecules using 1 molecule of O2,
so the actual figure is .5 for One molecule.
Woodgas, Acetylene, Butane, Diesel, are all molecules that don’t work out unless you use two molecules instead of one for the calculations.
These end up being actually half of the stated figure for oxygen when thinking of one molecule.
Air has 20% oxygen per volume. So 5 / .2 = 25.
Propane needs 25 cubic feet of air per cubic foot of Propane at standard pressure and temperature.
The other thing that you will notice is that vs BTU the fuels need for air doesn’t seem to make sense unless you take into account the elemental make-up of each fuel.
If your fuel is predominently Carbon then it needs only one Oxygen, but if your fuel is predominently Hydrogen then it needs TWO Oxygen atoms to combust as the products of combustion are either CO2 or H2O (or both in varying qtys). _______________________________________________________________________________________
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chris@frostic.com,
we'll be happy to discuss your particular application...
4191 Waug Road, Benzonia, Michigan 49616
Phone: (231)651-9989
chris@frostic.com
